Minggu, 04 Maret 2012
Advertisement
Definition Of Advertisement :
Advertisement is a communication whose to inform potential customers about to generic increased consumption of those product and service through creation and reinforcement of brand loyalty.
▼ Function Of Advertisement :
Advertisement is a communication whose to inform potential customers about to generic increased consumption of those product and service through creation and reinforcement of brand loyalty.
▼ Function Of Advertisement :
- promotion
- communication
- information
- using the correct of suitable words
- using the intersting and sugestive expression
- using positive expression
- text of advertisement should be directed to goal
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Form
( has / have + past participle )Examples :
- You have seen that movie many times .
- Have you seen that movie many times ?
- You have not seen that movie many times .
Use 1 Unspecified Time Before Now
We
can use the present perfect with unspecific expressions such as : ever
, never , once , many times , several times , before , so far ,
already , yet , etc .
Examples :- I have seen that movie 20 times .
- People have traveled to the Moon .
- Have you read the book yet ?
How Do You Actually Use The Present Perfect ?
Topic 1 Experience
You can use the present perfect to describe your experience .
Examples :- He has never traveled by train .
- Joan has studied 2 foreign languages .
Topic 2 Change Over Time
We often use the present perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time .
Examples :- You have grown since the last time I saw you .
- My English has really improved since I moved to Australia .
Topic 3 Accomplishments
We often use the present perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals & humanity .
Examples :- Man has walked on the Moon .
- Scientists have split the atom .
Topic 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting
We often use the present perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened .
Examples :- Bill has still not arrived .
- The rain hasn ' t stopped .
Topic 5 Multiple Actions At Different Times
We also use the present perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times .
Examples :- The army has attacked that city five times .
Time Expressions With Present Perfect
We
can do this with expressions such as : in the last week , in the last
year , this week , this month , so far , up to now , etc .
Examples :
- They have had 3 tests in the last week .
- My car has broken down 3 times this week .
Notice
"
Last year " & " in the last year " are very different in meaning .
It is not considered a specific time , so it requires present perfect .
Examples :- I went to Mexico last year .
Use 2 Duration From The Past Until Now ( Non - Continuous Verbs )
" For 5 minutes , " " for 2 weeks , " & " since Tuesday " are all durations which can be used with the present perfect .
Examples :- I have had a cold for 2 weeks .
Adverb Placement
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as : always , only , never , ever , still , just , etc .
Examples :- You have only seen that movie one time .
- Have you only seen that movie one time ?
Active / Passive
Examples :- Many tourists have visited that castle . Active
- That castle has been visited by many tourists . Passive
Past Perfect Tense
A
kind of tense that is used to describe an action / an event that
started in a certain time in the past & completed / finished till
certain / an event that had happened before the other event / action
happened .
The Pattern : ( + ) Subject + had + verb I I I + complement
( – ) Subject + had not + verb I I I + complement
( ? ) Had + subject + verb I I I + complement ?
Formula of Verbal Sentence :
( + ) Subject + Had + V3
( - ) Subject + Had + Not + V3
( ? ) Had + Subject + V3 ?
Example :
+ She had put my book on the table last night .
Formula of Nominal Sentence
( + ) Subject + Had + Been + Non Verb
( - ) Subject + Had + Not + Been + Non Verb
( ? ) Had + Subject + Been + Non Verb ?
Example :
+ I had been there when the accident happened .
- I had not been there when the accident happened .
? Had had been there when the accident happened ?
Future Perfect Tense
Future perfect has 2 different forms : " will have done " & " be going to have done . "
Form Future Perfect With " Will "
( will have + past participle )Examples :
- You will have perfected your english by the time you come back from the U . S .
- Will you have perfected your english by the time you come back from the U . S . ?
- You will not have perfected your english by the time you come back from the U . S .
Form Future Perfect With " Be Going To "
( am / is / are + going to have + past participle )Examples :
- You are going to have perfected your english by the time you come back from the U . S .
- Are you going to have perfected your english by the time you come back from the U . S . ?
- You are not going to have perfected your english by the time you come back from the U . S .
Complete List Of Future Perfect Forms
Use 1 Completed Action Before Something In The Future
Examples :
- By next November , I will have received my promotion .
- I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o ' clock .
Use 2 Duration Before Something In The Future ( Non - Continuous Verbs )
Examples :
- I will have been in London for 6 months by the time I leave .
- By Monday , Susan is going to have had my book for a week .
Remember No Future In Time Clauses
Like
all future forms , the future perfect cannot be used in clauses
beginning with time expressions such as : when , while , before , after ,
by the time , as soon as , if , unless , etc .
Examples :- I am going to see a movie when I will have finished my homework . Not Correct
- I am going to see a movie when I have finished my homework . Correct
Adverb Placement
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as : always , only , never , ever , still , just , etc .Examples :
- You will only have learned a few words .
- Will you only have learned a few words ?
Active / Passive
Examples :- They will have completed the project before the deadline . Active
- The project will have been completed before the deadline . Passive
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subject
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+
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auxiliary verb WILL
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+
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auxiliary verb HAVE
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+
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main verb
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invariable
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invariable
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past participle
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will
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have
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V3
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subject
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auxiliary verb
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auxiliary verb
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main verb
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+
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I
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will
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have
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finished
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by 10am.
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+
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You
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will
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have
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forgotten
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me by then.
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-
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She
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will
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not
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have
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gone
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to school.
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-
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We
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will
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not
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have
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left.
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?
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Will
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you
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have
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arrived?
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?
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Will
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they
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have
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received
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it?
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Vocabs: Shapes and Parts of Body
SHAPES
▼ Simple Straight Sided Shapes
Example :
- Rectangle
- Square
- Triangle
▼ Simple Rounded Shapes
Example :
- Circle
- Oval
▼ Types of Triangle
Example :
- Equilateral Triangle
- Isosceles Triangle
- Rightangled Triangle
=) 3D Shapes
Example :
▼ Mathematical Shapes
Example :
- Parallelogram
- Pentagon-5 sides
- Hexagon-6 sides
- Octagen-8 sides
▼ Miscellaneous Shapes
Example :
- Coffin, Diamond
- Heart
- Kite
- Petal, Shell
- Star
- Teardrop
Part of Body
The Body
1.Hair → Rambut
2.Head → Kepala
3.Neck → Leher
4.Throat → Tenggorokan
5.Shoulder → Bahu
6.Chest → Dada
7.Back → Punggung
8.Waist → Pinggung
9.Stomach/Tummy → Perut
10.Hip → Pinggul
11.Bottom → Pantat
12.Armpit → Ketiak
13.Arm → Lengan
14.Upper arm → Lengan Atas
15.Elbow → Siku
16.Forearm → Lengan Bawah
17.Wrist → Pergelangan Tangan
18.Fist → Kepalan Tangan
19.Hand → Tanagn
20.Palm → Tapak Tangan
21.Thumb → Ibu Jari
22.Finger → Jari Tangan
23.Nail → Kuku
24.Leg → Kaki
25.Thigh → Paha
26.Knee → Lutut
27.Calf → Betis
28.Ankle → Pergelangan Kaki
29.Foot → Kaki
30.Heel → Tumit
31.Instep → Kura-Kura Kaki
32.Sole → Tapak Kaki
33.Toes → Jari Kaki
The Skeleton
1.Skull → Tengkorak
2.Collar-bone → Tulang Selangka
3.Shoulder-blade → Tulang Belikat
4.Ribs → Tulang Rusuk
5.Backbone/Spine → Tulang Belakang / Punggung
6.Breastbone → Tulang dada
7.Hip-bone/Pelvis → Tulang pinggul
8.Kneecap → Tulang Tempurung Kepala
The Face
1.Eye → Mata
2.Noise → Hidung
3.Ear → Telinga
4.Mouth → Mulut
5.Cheek → Pipi
6.Chin → Dagu
7.Temple → Pelipis
8.Forehead/Brow → Dahi/Kenig
9.Jaw → Rahang
10.Moustache → Kumis
11.Beard → Janggut
12.Tooth → Gigi
13.Lip → Bibir
14.Tongue → Lidah
The Eye
1.Eyeball → Bola Mata
2.Eyebrow → Alis Mata
3.Eyelid → Kelopak Mata
4.Eyelashes → Bulu Mata
5.Pupil → Manik Mata
6.Iris → Selaput Pelangi
The Insides
1.Brain → Otak
2.Windpipe → Batang Tenggorokan
3.Heart → Jantung
4.Lung → Paru-Paru
5.Liver → Hati
6.Kidney → Ginjal
7.Intestines → Usus
8.Bladder → Kandung Kemis
9.Vein → Pembuluh Balik
10.Artery → Pembuluh Nadi
11.Muscle → Otot
Sabtu, 03 Maret 2012
Greetings
Definition of The Greetings :
Greetings is an act of communication in which human beings (as well as other members of the animal kingdom) intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show attantion to, and to suggest a type of relationship or social status between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other .
Greetings can be expressed both avdibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other then gestures.
Greetings is an act of communication in which human beings (as well as other members of the animal kingdom) intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show attantion to, and to suggest a type of relationship or social status between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other .
Greetings can be expressed both avdibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other then gestures.
▼ General Greetings ( Formal )
- Hello !
- How are you ?
- How are you doing ?
- How is everything ?
- How is everything going ?
- How have you been keeping ?
- I trust that everything is well ?
- Hi
- What's up ?
- Good to see you
- How are things ( with you ) ?
- How's it going ?
- How's live been treating you ?
Example Of Greetings :
Mr. Edison : Good afternoon. Is Mr. Felix at home ?
Kevin : Yes he is. Bay the way, may I know your name please ?
Mr. Edison : Sure. I'm Edison
Mr. Felix : Come in please, and have a seat. let me tell my Father
Mr. Edison : Thank you
Present Tense
Definition Of Present Tense :
Present tense is a tense to express habits, general truths, unchanging situation, emotions and whises.
▼ Habitual Actions
example :
- we eat rice every day
- I wake up at 5 a.m
- You ride your bike every sunday
▼ General Truth
example :
- The sunrise in the east
- The earth revolves around the sun
- Indonesia is a big country
Nominal sentence
S + Tobe + adjective/noun /adverb
S + Tobe+ not + adjective /noun/adverb
Tobe + S + adjective /noun/ adverb
S + Tobe + adjective/noun /adverb
S + Tobe+ not + adjective /noun/adverb
Tobe + S + adjective /noun/ adverb
Example :
- he is pilot
- is he pilot ?
- he is not pilot
Verbal sentence
S + V1 + or s/es ( he,she,it) + O + Compliment
S + do/does + O + Compliment
Do/does + S + O + Compliment
S + V1 + or s/es ( he,she,it) + O + Compliment
S + do/does + O + Compliment
Do/does + S + O + Compliment
Example :
- I drink tea
- do I drink tea ?
- I do not drink tea
Past Tense
Definition of Past Tense :
Past tense is to tell the events or incidents at the past time.
Past tense is used :
- When the speaker thinks of an activity or state as occurred and complete at a specific time in the past .
- For a non-fact in the present or future time.This is traditionally called the” subjunctive mood “.
Example : If I had the money now,I’d buy a car .
▼To refer a single event on the past .
Example : I called Mary last night .
▼The past habitual action .
Example : We went to school together,and we shared many experinces .
The Simple Past Tense :
Simple Past Tense is kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past.
Adverbs used: yesterday,last night ,last week,two days ago,a few minutes ago,last weekend ,last month ,last years,in 1984,etc.
> Simple past for regular verbs is added by- ed to the root of a word .
Example : She worked at the office yesterday .
> A negation is produced by adding did not and the verb in its infinitive form .
Example : She did not work at the office yesterday .
Question sentence are started with did as in Did she work at the office yesterday ?
Verbal
There are two pattern of Simple Past Tense :
Nominal
Past Continuonus Tense
Past Continuonus Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain in the past.
As with the present tense,the continuous aspect that the activity is in progress ,or that it is uncompleted ,at the specified time.
The Pattern :
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.
The Pattern :
Past Perfect Continuous Tense is like the past perfect tense ,but it expresses longer actions in the past.
The Pattern :
Past tense is to tell the events or incidents at the past time.
Past tense is used :
- When the speaker thinks of an activity or state as occurred and complete at a specific time in the past .
- For a non-fact in the present or future time.This is traditionally called the” subjunctive mood “.
Example : If I had the money now,I’d buy a car .
▼To refer a single event on the past .
Example : I called Mary last night .
▼The past habitual action .
Example : We went to school together,and we shared many experinces .
The Simple Past Tense :
Simple Past Tense is kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past.
Adverbs used: yesterday,last night ,last week,two days ago,a few minutes ago,last weekend ,last month ,last years,in 1984,etc.
> Simple past for regular verbs is added by- ed to the root of a word .
Example : She worked at the office yesterday .
> A negation is produced by adding did not and the verb in its infinitive form .
Example : She did not work at the office yesterday .
Question sentence are started with did as in Did she work at the office yesterday ?
Verbal
There are two pattern of Simple Past Tense :
- ( + ) Subject + verb II + complement
- ( - ) Subject + did not + verb I + complement
- ( ? ) Did + subject + verb I ?
Nominal
- ( + ) Subject + to be ( was/were ) + Object
- ( – ) Subject + to be ( was/were ) + Not + Object
- ( ? ) To be ( was/ were ) + Subject + Object ?
Past Continuonus Tense
Past Continuonus Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain in the past.
As with the present tense,the continuous aspect that the activity is in progress ,or that it is uncompleted ,at the specified time.
The Pattern :
- ( + ) Subject + to be ( was/were ) + verb – ing + complement
- ( - ) Subject + was not / were not + verb- ing + complement
- ( ? ) Was/were + subject + verb-ing + complement ?
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.
The Pattern :
- ( + ) Subject + had + verb III + complement
- ( – ) Subject + had not + verb III + complement
- ( ? ) Had + subject + verb III + complement ?
Past Perfect Continuous Tense is like the past perfect tense ,but it expresses longer actions in the past.
The Pattern :
- ( + ) Subject + Had + been + verb –ing + complement
- ( - ) Subject + Had + not + been + verb-ing + complement
- ( ? ) Had + subject + been + verb –ing + complement ?
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