procedure text

Definition of Procedure Text :
 

Procedure Text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved throught a squence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a squence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentence. It also uses the temporal conjuction such as : First, second, then, next, finally, etc .  

Generic Structure of Procedure : 

▼  Goal ( showing the purpose ) 

▼  Material ( Telling the needed materials ) 

▼  Step 1-end ( Describing the steps to achieve the purpose )

 

Language Feature of Procedure :

▼Using temporal conjunction  

▼Using action verb 

▼Using imperative sentence  

▼Using Simple Present Tense

 

 

 

Example Of Procedure Text :

 

 

avocado juice

 

How to make an avocado juice :

Materials :

·         1 avocado

·         A half glass of water

·         Some sugar

·         Several ice cubes

Steps :

1.       First, spoon out avocado pulp and place in blender.

2.       Then, add a half glass of water.

3.       Add enough sugar.

4.       Mix it or blend it.

5.       Pour the juice in a tall glass.

6.       Finally add several ice cubes.

7.       The avocado juice is ready to serve.

 

 

Narative Text

Definition Of Narrative :

Narrative is a text focusingspecific participants. Its social function is to tell stories or past events and entertain the readers.

Narrative text such as : 

▼  Fable (mouse deer and crocodile),

▼  lagend / folk tables (sangkuriang, malin kundang), 

▼  fairy tale (Cinderella, snow white, pinochio) . 

The Generic of Narrative Text  :
1) Orientation       : It sets the scane and introduces the participants 

                                ( it answer the questions = who, when, what, where ) .
2) Evaluation        : a stepping back to evaluate the plight 

                                (the information about the narrator's point of  view). It's optional .
3) Complications  : a crisis or a problem arises. It usually involves the main characters .
4) Resulation       : a solution to the problem (for better or worse) .
5) Resolution       : The crisis is revolved, for better or worse .

Generic Structure Of Narrative :

The Legend of Toba Lake

Once upon time, there was a handsome man. His name was Batara Guru Sahala. He liked fishing. One day, he caught a fish. He was surprised to find out that the fish could talk. The fish begged him to set it free.
Batara Guru could not bear it. He made the fish free. As soon as it was free, the fish changed into a very beautiful woman. She attracted Batara Guru so much. He felt in love with that fish-woman. The woman wanted to marry with him and said that Batara Guru had to keep the secret which she had been a fish. Batara Guru aggreed and promised that he would never tell anybody about it.
They were married happily. They had two daughters. One day Batara Guru got very angry with his daughter. He could not control his mad. He shouted angrily and got the word of fish to his daugters. The daughters were crying. They found their mother and talked her about it.
The mother was very annoyed. Batara Guru broke his promise. The mother was shouting angrily. Then the earth began to shake. Volcanoes started to erupt. The earth formed a very big hole. People believed that the big hole became a lake. Then this lake is known as Toba lake.

Recount Text

Definition of Recount  :

Recount is a text which retells events or experiences in the past. Its purpose is either to inform or

 to entertain the audience. There is no complication among the participants and that differentiates from narrative

Recount text is commonly labeled as non-fiction writing. It is one of kind text genres, beside of narrative, spoof and others. Recount text can be a found in many ways to write a biography. 

Recount text is included in a group of narration, similar tospoof and narrative. Recount text focuses on the series of event, one event followed by the others. Commonly recount text is arranged in chronological order; whether by time or by the essence of the event itself. 

Generic Structure of Recount :
1. Orientation: Introducing the participants, place and time
2. Events: Describing series of event that happened in the past
3. Reorientation: It is optional. Stating personal comment of the writer to the story

 

Language Feature of Recount :

▼Introducing personal participant; I, my group, etc

▼Using chronological connection; then, first, etc

▼Using linking verb; was, were, saw, heard, etc

▼Using action verb; look, go, change, etc

▼Using simple past tense

The Example Of Recount Text :

Announcement

Definition of Announcement :

Announcement is something said, written, or paintend to make know what has happened (more often) what will happen .

We can find announcement in television, radio, newspaper, wall magazines in school, etc.   

 The announcement has function to state an information about an event that has happened or going to happened  and to state office policies or practice limitations to the public and proffesion .

 

Characteristic of announcement : 

▼  Use simple present tense 

▼  Use simple future tense 

▼  Use simple past tense

In writing an announcement ,keep the following points :

▼  The title/ type of event 

▼  Date /time ,place and 

▼  Contact  person

example of announcement :

Giving instruction

Definition of Giving Instruction :
Giving instruction is an expression for give or ask somebody to do something that we want.

Giving instruction same with imperative sentences.

Giving instruction are :

1. Command.
• Verb (+ O).

Example : Watch out, come here, etc.

· Please + V (+ O).

Example : Please clean your room.

· V (+ O) + Please.

Example : Wash this towel, please.

2. Prohibition.

· Don’t + V (+ O).

Example : Don’t close it!

· Don’t + V (+ O) + Please.

Example : Don’t be noise, please.

· Would you mind not + V-ing (+ O).

Example : Would you mind not reading my diary.

Kinds of giving instruction :

· Verb 1.

Example :

▼  Wash your hand.

▼  Eat your meal.

▼  Sit down.

· Be + adjective.

Example :

▼  Be your self.

▼  Be a good student.

▼  Be strong.

▼  Be happy.

· Don’t + V-infinitive.

Example :

▼  Don’t armb!

▼  Don’t eat!

▼  Don’t approach!

▼  Don’t disturb!

▼  Don’t touch!

· No + V-ing.

Example :

▼  No smooking!

▼  No swimming!

▼  No parking!

Notes : The tense used in giving intruction is "Simple Present Tense"

We use the word "please" at the beginning/at the end of an intruction to make it sounds more polite.

Example : 

▼  Turn of the lamp, please 

▼   please don't do that

Sympathy Expressions

Definition Of Sympathy Expressions :
Sympathy Expressions is someone expressing which fell the pity to one who experience of accident.He or she is only saying sympathy word, but not really follow to feel what felt by one who hit that accident.

How can we give Sympathy Expression to someone :
We express it directly to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card by post also by short massage service (sms), e-mail, television, radio, and newspaper if he/she who got the trouble is far from us .

Several Expression of Sympathy :
▼  I'm so sorry to hear that . 

▼  I'm awfully sorry about ... 

▼  Oh, how awfully . 

▼  Oh, dear ! 

▼  How pity you are !

Accepting Sympathy : 

▼  Thanks.

▼  Thank you. 

▼  Thank you so much. 

▼  Thank you very much.

Gaining Attention

 Definition of Gaining Attention :

Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to that we want to.

Asking for attention (formal) : 

  ▼ Exuse me, I wonder if I could trouble you . 

  ▼ May I have your attention, please ! 

  ▼ Exuse me !  

  ▼ Sorry to trouble you . 

  ▼ Sorry to bother you .

Asking for attention (informal) :
  ▼ Look at me !

  ▼ Look what I’ve got here !

  ▼ Look here !

  ▼ Look !

  ▼ Hey !

  ▼ Attention, Please !

showing attention :

▼Look at you !

▼ How beautifull ! 

▼ What's the matter ? 

▼ Is everything, all right ? 

▼ Oh really ? Is it true ? 

▼ Oh my god ! What happens ? 

▼ Wow..really ?That's incredibble !

The axample about gaining attention :
Teacher : Attention please ! Next week we will have a test !

Students : OK, sir !